Brexit Breakdown: 7 Films on Britain's EU Referendum
A Cinematic Journey Through Political Turmoil
Brexit, the United Kingdom's decision to leave the European Union, has been a contentious and transformative event in recent British history. The 2016 referendum on EU membership sparked intense debate and divided public opinion, with far-reaching consequences for the UK's politics, economy, and society.
Films have played a significant role in exploring and documenting the Brexit phenomenon, offering diverse perspectives on this complex issue. From documentaries to dramas, these movies provide insight into the factors that led to Brexit, its impact on individuals and communities, and the ongoing challenges faced by Britain as it navigates its post-EU future. This article examines seven notable films that delve into various aspects of the Brexit saga, shedding light on this pivotal moment in contemporary British and European affairs.
1) The Uncivil War
"Brexit: The Uncivil War" offers a dramatic portrayal of the events leading up to the 2016 EU referendum in the United Kingdom. The film focuses on the strategists behind the Vote Leave campaign, particularly Dominic Cummings, played by Benedict Cumberbatch.
The narrative begins with Prime Minister David Cameron calling for the referendum. It then follows Cummings as he takes charge of the Leave campaign, demanding full control over its strategy.
The movie explores the tactics employed by the Leave side, including their use of data analytics and targeted messaging. It delves into the controversial aspects of the campaign, such as the use of social media and the infamous "£350 million for the NHS" claim.
Directed by Toby Haynes and written by James Graham, the film provides insight into the political maneuvering and public sentiment surrounding Brexit. It aired on Channel 4 in the UK and HBO in the US, sparking discussions about its portrayal of real events.
Wikipedia: Brexit: The Uncivil War
2) Brexit: The Movie
Brexit: The Movie is a 2016 British documentary directed by Martin Durkin. The film advocates for the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union.
Funded through a Kickstarter campaign, the documentary premiered in London on May 11, 2016, just weeks before the EU referendum. It aims to present arguments in favor of leaving the EU.
The film explores Britain's relationship with the EU and criticizes the organization's structure and policies. It features interviews with politicians, economists, and businesspeople who support Brexit.
Brexit: The Movie covers topics such as EU regulations, trade policies, and the perceived loss of British sovereignty. It presents statistics and historical context to support its pro-Leave stance.
While the documentary received praise from Brexit supporters, critics argued it presented a one-sided view of the complex issue. The film's release timing was strategic, aiming to influence voters before the crucial June 23 referendum.
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brexit:_The_Movie]
3) The Great European Disaster Movie
"The Great European Disaster Movie" is a thought-provoking documentary released in 2015. Directed by Annalisa Piras, the film explores potential consequences of the European Union's collapse.
The documentary employs a unique narrative structure. It alternates between real-world analysis and fictional scenes set in a dystopian future where the EU has disintegrated.
In the fictional segments, archaeologist Charles Granda (played by Angus Deayton) explains the concept of the EU to a young passenger during a turbulent flight. These scenes provide context for the film's examination of contemporary European issues.
The film addresses various challenges facing the EU, including economic difficulties, identity crises, and political tensions. It features interviews with citizens from different European countries, offering diverse perspectives on the union's future.
"The Great European Disaster Movie" aims to stimulate discussion about European integration and identity. It presents a critical yet nuanced view of the EU's strengths and weaknesses.
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4758644/
4) Brexitannia
Brexitannia offers a unique perspective on the UK's decision to leave the European Union. This documentary, directed by Timothy George Kelly, presents a sociological portrait of post-referendum Britain.
The film travels across the country, inviting people to share their thoughts on Brexit. Interviewees speak directly to the camera in familiar settings like homes, pubs, and parks.
Brexitannia captures diverse viewpoints from various regions, including the North-East of England, Northern Ireland, Essex, and the South West. It explores the fears and motivations that influenced people's votes.
The documentary provides an unsettling glimpse into a nation grappling with its past, present, and future. It showcases the complex emotions and reasoning behind both 'Leave' and 'Remain' votes.
Shot in black and white, Brexitannia creates a stark visual backdrop for its candid conversations. The film allows the responses to speak for themselves, offering viewers a raw and unfiltered look at public opinion.
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7242326/
5) Brexit Means Brexit
"Brexit Means Brexit" is a documentary film that explores the aftermath of the UK's 2016 referendum to leave the European Union. The film examines the political turmoil and public confusion surrounding the Brexit process.
Directed by Patrick Forbes, the documentary features interviews with key political figures and ordinary citizens. It delves into the complexities of negotiating Britain's exit from the EU and the impact on various sectors of society.
The film takes its title from a phrase popularized by former Prime Minister Theresa May. It highlights the challenges of translating the referendum result into concrete policy decisions and legislation.
"Brexit Means Brexit" offers viewers an inside look at the debates, negotiations, and controversies that defined the Brexit process. The documentary provides context for understanding the far-reaching consequences of the UK's decision to leave the EU.
Through its balanced approach, the film aims to shed light on the complexities of Brexit beyond simple slogans and political rhetoric. It serves as a valuable resource for those seeking to understand this pivotal moment in British and European history.
6) The Last Temptation of Boris Johnson
"The Last Temptation of Boris Johnson" is a satirical play that explores the political career of Boris Johnson, focusing on his role in the Brexit referendum. Written by Jonathan Maitland, the play premiered at London's Park Theatre in 2019.
The production presents a fictionalized account of Johnson's decision-making process during the Brexit campaign. It portrays him as torn between personal ambition and political responsibility, ultimately choosing to support the Leave campaign.
The play jumps between two time periods: 2016 and 2029. In the future scenes, it imagines Johnson attempting a political comeback after a disastrous Brexit outcome. This structure allows for commentary on both the immediate and long-term consequences of the referendum.
Maitland's work received mixed reviews from critics. Some praised its humor and timeliness, while others found it too sympathetic to its subject. The play's portrayal of Johnson as a complex, conflicted figure sparked debate about his true motivations during the Brexit campaign.
Park Theatre - The Last Temptation of Boris Johnson
7) Accidental Anarchist
Accidental Anarchist offers a unique perspective on Brexit and its aftermath. This 2017 documentary follows the journey of Carne Ross, a former British diplomat turned anarchist.
Ross's transformation began after he became disillusioned with the UK government's handling of the Iraq War. The film explores his search for alternative political systems and his advocacy for self-governance.
In the context of Brexit, Accidental Anarchist provides insights into the dissatisfaction with traditional political structures that partly fueled the Leave vote. It examines themes of sovereignty and democratic control, central to the Brexit debate.
The documentary challenges viewers to consider unconventional approaches to governance. It raises questions about the nature of power and decision-making in modern democracies, including the EU and post-Brexit Britain.
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7032440/
Historical Context of Brexit
Brexit's roots trace back decades, stemming from Britain's complex relationship with European integration. Euroscepticism grew over time, influenced by key political figures and events.
Origins of Euroscepticism
Britain joined the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1973, but skepticism soon emerged. Margaret Thatcher's 1988 Bruges speech marked a turning point, criticizing European federalism. The 1992 Maastricht Treaty further stoked concerns about sovereignty.
Tabloid media played a role in shaping public opinion, often portraying EU regulations as intrusive. Immigration became a contentious issue, especially after the 2004 EU expansion.
The 2008 financial crisis and subsequent Eurozone troubles intensified doubts about European integration. UKIP's rise in the 2010s brought Euroscepticism into mainstream politics.
Key Political Figures
David Cameron promised an EU referendum in 2013, aiming to resolve Conservative Party divisions. Boris Johnson's decision to support Leave in 2016 proved influential.
Nigel Farage, UKIP's long-time leader, campaigned tirelessly against EU membership. His rhetoric resonated with many voters concerned about immigration and sovereignty.
On the Remain side, figures like Nick Clegg and Tony Blair argued for EU benefits. However, Jeremy Corbyn's lukewarm support for Remain reflected Labour's internal divisions.
Theresa May, initially a Remain supporter, became Prime Minister after the referendum. Her attempts to negotiate Brexit faced significant challenges, shaping the post-referendum landscape.
Cultural Impact of the EU Referendum
The Brexit referendum profoundly shaped British culture and identity. It influenced media narratives and public discourse, while exposing deep societal divisions.
Influence on British Identity
Brexit challenged notions of British identity. It reignited debates about nationalism, sovereignty, and Britain's place in the world.
The referendum exposed a cultural divide between cosmopolitan urban centers and more traditional rural areas. This urban-rural split reflected differing attitudes toward globalization and multiculturalism.
Brexit also highlighted generational divides. Younger voters largely supported remaining in the EU, while older generations favored leaving. This age gap revealed contrasting views on Britain's future.
The process sparked renewed interest in British history and values. Some emphasized Britain's imperial past and exceptionalism. Others focused on postwar European cooperation and shared liberal values.
Media Coverage and Narratives
Media played a crucial role in shaping public perceptions of Brexit. Tabloids often used emotive language and sensationalist headlines to sway opinions.
Broadsheets provided more nuanced coverage but were criticized for London-centric perspectives. Social media emerged as an influential platform for debate, though it also amplified misinformation.
Pro-Brexit narratives emphasized regaining control and sovereignty. Anti-Brexit messaging focused on economic risks and international cooperation. These competing narratives dominated cultural discourse.
The referendum exposed perceived biases in BBC coverage. Critics argued the broadcaster's commitment to impartiality led to false equivalence between expert opinions and unsubstantiated claims.
Cultural productions like films and plays explored Brexit's impact. These works often highlighted the referendum's divisive nature and its effect on communities and relationships.
