8 Documentaries about the IRA

A Deep Dive into Irish History

The Irish Republican Army, commonly known as the IRA, has been a significant and controversial figure in modern history, particularly in relation to the Northern Ireland conflict known as The Troubles. This collection of documentaries explores various aspects of the IRA's evolution, their role in historical events, and the far-reaching impacts of their actions on both sides of the conflict.

These films provide crucial insights into a turbulent period, delving into the motivations, strategies, and outcomes connected with the IRA's activities. For those seeking a deeper understanding of this complex and often contentious subject, these documentaries offer valuable perspectives and a comprehensive look at history through different lenses.

1) The Wind That Shakes the Barley (2006)

Ken Loach directed The Wind That Shakes the Barley, which is set during the Irish War of Independence and the Irish Civil War. The narrative revolves around two brothers from County Cork, Damien (Cillian Murphy) and Teddy O'Donovan (Pádraic Delaney), who join the Irish Republican Army.

The film highlights the emotional and political struggles during this turbulent period. Damien abandons his career as a doctor to join the fight alongside his brother. The portrayal of their personal conflicts against the backdrop of the larger national struggle adds depth to the story.

Loach's direction, along with Paul Laverty's writing, creates a compelling depiction of the era. The film's approach to guerrilla warfare and the intense historical context it provides makes it an essential watch for those interested in the IRA and Ireland's fight for independence.

The Wind That Shakes the Barley has been recognized for its realistic portrayal and cinematography. It won the Palme d'Or at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival.

For more information, visit IMDb.

2) '71 (2014)

'71 is a British historical thriller directed by Yann Demange. The film is set in 1971, during the Troubles in Northern Ireland.

The story follows a young British soldier, Gary Hook, played by Jack O'Connell. After a chaotic riot in Belfast, Hook finds himself accidentally abandoned by his unit.

As he tries to navigate the hostile streets of Belfast, he encounters various factions involved in the conflict. The film captures the intense and dangerous atmosphere of the period.

'71 was critically acclaimed for its tense narrative and O'Connell's performance. It offers insight into the complexities of the Troubles and the brutal street-level realities faced by soldiers and civilians alike.

For more information on '71, visit IMDb.

3) Michael Collins (1996)

"Michael Collins," directed by Neil Jordan, features Liam Neeson in the titular role. This biographical period drama explores the life of Michael Collins, a key figure in Ireland's struggle for independence from Britain.

The film delves into Collins's leadership in the guerrilla war against British forces and his pivotal role in negotiating the creation of the Irish Free State. The narrative also captures his involvement in the Irish Civil War.

Critics had mixed reactions to the film. While some praised its historical drama and Neeson's performance, others criticized it for its perceived bias. The film garnered significant attention, winning the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival.

For more information, visit IMDb.

4) The Devil's Own (1997)

The Devil's Own is a gripping American thriller film directed by Alan J. Pakula. Released in 1997, it stars Harrison Ford and Brad Pitt in pivotal roles. The film delves into the story of an Irish Republican Army (IRA) gunman, Frankie McGuire, played by Brad Pitt, who travels to the United States.

Frankie seeks to obtain black market anti-aircraft missiles for the IRA. He ends up staying with Tom O'Meara, a New York police officer portrayed by Harrison Ford. This leads to a complex relationship as O'Meara uncovers Frankie's true identity and agenda.

The film captures the intense atmosphere of IRA operations and the political tensions involved. Rubén Blades, Natascha McElhone, and Julia Stiles also deliver strong supporting performances. The narrative focuses on themes of loyalty, conflict, and the moral dilemmas faced by both characters.

For more information about The Devil's Own, visit IMDb.

5) The Journey (2016)

"The Journey" (2016) provides an introspective look at a significant moment in the history of the IRA and Northern Ireland's peace process. It dramatizes a pivotal car journey shared by two historical figures, Ian Paisley and Martin McGuinness, who were on opposite sides of The Troubles.

This film manages to humanize both leaders, capturing their complex personalities and ideologies. Timothy Spall portrays Paisley, while Colm Meaney takes on the role of McGuinness. Their unexpected bond during this journey offers viewers an intimate glimpse into the emotional and political barriers they had to overcome.

The movie delves into the intricacies of the peace negotiations that led to the signing of the Good Friday Agreement. It presents the tense atmosphere and the stakes involved, providing a nuanced understanding of the challenges faced by both sides.

Directed by Nick Hamm, "The Journey" focuses on dialogue-driven storytelling. The conversations between Paisley and McGuinness are engaging, illustrating the tension, distrust, and eventual mutual respect that formed during this remarkably unique instance in history.

For more information on "The Journey," visit IMDb.

6) Once Upon a Time in Northern Ireland (2023)

"Once Upon a Time in Northern Ireland" is a compelling TV series that delves into the intricate and often harrowing history of Northern Ireland's conflict, known as "The Troubles." Set twenty-five years after the landmark peace agreement, the series offers a unique and intimate exploration of the human stories behind the headlines.

Through a collection of previously unheard testimonies from individuals on all sides of the conflict, viewers gain a profound understanding of the personal experiences and enduring impacts of this turbulent period. Each episode weaves together these narratives, providing a poignant and multifaceted perspective on the quest for peace and reconciliation in a region long marked by division and strife.

For more information, visit IMDb.

7) Shadow Dancer (2012)

"Shadow Dancer" is a political thriller directed by James Marsh. It is set in the 1990s in Belfast, a time of intense conflict in Northern Ireland.

The story revolves around Colette McVeigh, an active member of the Irish Republican Army (IRA). She becomes an informant for MI5 to protect her son.

Tom Bradby wrote the screenplay, adapted from his 1998 novel of the same name. The film explores themes of loyalty, betrayal, and the moral complexities of espionage.

"Shadow Dancer" premiered at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival and was screened at the 62nd Berlin International Film Festival.

For more information, visit the IMDb page.

8) Hunger (2008)

"Hunger" (2008) is a gripping documentary-style film directed by Steve McQueen. It stars Michael Fassbender as Bobby Sands, the IRA leader who embarked on a hunger strike in the Maze prison in 1981.

The film presents an unflinching look at the brutal conditions inside the prison. It focuses on Sands’ struggle, his deteriorating health, and the political ramifications of his protest.

"Hunger" meticulously details the daily routines and survival tactics of the inmates. It captures the psychological and physical toll of the hunger strike, providing a stark visual of human resilience in the face of suffering.

One of the most compelling aspects is the dialogue between Sands and a priest. This conversation delves into the motivations behind Sands’ hunger strike. It offers viewers insight into the personal sacrifices made for a larger cause.

The cinematography and minimalist style amplify the emotional gravity. Through powerful performances and stark visuals, "Hunger" sheds light on a pivotal moment in Northern Irish history.

More about the film Hunger (2008).

Historical Context

The Irish Republican Army (IRA) has deep historical roots, emerging from socio-political conflicts in Ireland. Significant events throughout the 20th century have shaped its evolution and actions.

Origins of the IRA

The IRA originated from the Irish Volunteers, which was formed in 1913 to gain independence from British rule. This movement intensified after the Easter Rising of 1916, where the Volunteers and the Irish Citizen Army led a rebellion in Dublin. Despite the rebellion's failure and the execution of its leaders, it galvanized public support for Irish independence.

The War of Independence (1919-1921) was a pivotal period. The IRA, then the military wing of the Sinn Féin party, engaged in a guerrilla war against British forces. The conflict led to the Anglo-Irish Treaty, which gave birth to the Irish Free State and sparked the Irish Civil War. Post-civil war, the IRA continued its quest for a united Ireland.

Key Historical Events

War of Independence: Following the 1918 general election, Sinn Féin declared independence, leading to the declaration of the Irish Republic. The IRA’s guerrilla tactics played a crucial role in pressuring British forces during this war.

Anglo-Irish Treaty (1921): This treaty resulted in the establishment of the Irish Free State, partitioning Ireland and leading to the Irish Civil War. The IRA split, with some members opposing the treaty.

The Troubles (1960s-1998): This period saw violent conflict in Northern Ireland among nationalist/republican and unionist/loyalist groups. The IRA conducted numerous attacks, leading to significant casualties. The Good Friday Agreement in 1998 marked the end of widespread violence and set the stage for political solutions.

These historical milestones have been central to the IRA's identity and actions, influencing Irish society and politics profoundly.

Themes Explored in IRA Documentaries

Documentaries about the IRA often focus on the group’s complex political motivations and the profound human impact their actions had. By examining these themes, viewers gain a nuanced understanding of the conflict.

Political Motivations

The political motivations of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) are central to many documentaries. The Secret Army (2024) by Darragh MacIntyre, for instance, sheds light on the IRA's aims to end British rule in Northern Ireland and achieve a unified Ireland. This struggle has historical roots, dating back to British colonization and extending through events like Bloody Sunday and the Troubles.

Some films explore the internal dynamics of the IRA, revealing the debates on strategy and the ideological rifts within. "Spotlight on the Troubles: A Secret History" provides insights into the complex relationships between the IRA, the British security forces, and Loyalist paramilitaries. These political dimensions are crucial for understanding the IRA’s persistence and the various factions’ motivations in taking up arms.

Human Impact

The human impact of the IRA's actions is another major theme. Documentaries like "Exposed: The True Story of a Lost Documentary" often portray the personal cost of the conflict. This film was set against the backdrop of daily IRA attacks and highlights the civilians' trauma and suffering. Stories of families affected by the violence put a human face on the political conflict.

Depictions of events such as Bloody Sunday emphasize the immediate and long-lasting effects on the communities involved. Personal testimonies from survivors and families of victims provide an emotional-depth that statistics alone cannot convey. These narratives underscore the social fabric's unraveling due to prolonged violence and illustrate the enduring scars left on both individuals and communities.

Filmmaking Techniques

Filmmaking techniques in documentaries about the IRA serve to capture authenticity and convey powerful narratives. Documentarists often employ a variety of approaches to engage audiences and present facts compellingly.

Cinematography involves the strategic use of camera angles and movements. Close-ups capture emotions, while wide shots provide context. Handheld cameras can add a sense of urgency and realism, especially in conflict zones.

Incorporating archival footage brings historical depth. It frames modern interviews with past events, offering viewers a seamless connection between timelines. This technique is critical in IRA documentaries, providing a visual journey through decades of history.

Interviews with insiders, eyewitnesses, and experts form the backbone of these documentaries. Directors often use these narratives to humanize the conflict and provide personal insights that statistics and reports cannot convey. A mix of formal sit-down interviews and spontaneous conversations enrich the storyline.

Voiceovers offer an additional narrative layer. They can guide viewers through complex events, provide necessary background information, and articulate the filmmaker's perspective. Used effectively, voiceovers tie disparate elements of the documentary together.

The use of music and sound design underscores the emotional landscape. Background scores heighten tension or evoke sympathy, while ambient sounds from on-location shoots bring scenes to life, enhancing immersion.

Editing techniques such as cross-cutting and montage help in juxtaposing different timelines and storylines. This technique allows the narrative to build logically and thematically, ensuring that the audience maintains a coherent understanding of events.

Visual elements like titles and graphics are used to introduce people, places, and dates, ensuring clarity. They also help in emphasizing key points, enabling the documentary to communicate efficiently without overwhelming the viewer with too much spoken information.

Together, these filmmaking techniques craft immersive, informative, and engaging documentaries about the IRA, providing a window into a complex and often controversial subject.