9 Must-Watch Documentaries About Indonesia

Unveiling the Archipelago's Hidden Gems

Indonesia, the world's largest archipelagic nation, is a country of incredible diversity and rich cultural heritage. From its stunning landscapes to its vibrant traditions, Indonesia offers a wealth of fascinating stories waiting to be told. Documentaries provide an excellent medium for exploring the many facets of this Southeast Asian gem.

These nine must-watch documentaries about Indonesia offer viewers a captivating glimpse into the country's history, people, and natural wonders. Each film brings a unique perspective, shedding light on different aspects of Indonesian life and culture. Whether focusing on environmental challenges, ancient customs, or modern societal issues, these documentaries paint a vivid picture of Indonesia's complexity and beauty.

1) The Act of Killing

Joshua Oppenheimer's 2012 documentary "The Act of Killing" offers a chilling look at Indonesia's 1965-1966 genocide. The film focuses on Anwar Congo, a former death squad leader who participated in the mass killings of suspected communists.

Oppenheimer takes an unconventional approach by asking Congo and his associates to reenact their crimes through various cinematic genres. This unique method reveals the perpetrators' perspectives and the lasting impact of their actions on Indonesian society.

The documentary explores themes of impunity, memory, and the psychological effects of violence. It showcases how the killers have rationalized their actions and continue to live without facing consequences.

"The Act of Killing" received critical acclaim for its innovative storytelling and unflinching examination of a dark chapter in Indonesian history. The film challenges viewers to confront uncomfortable truths about human nature and the legacy of mass violence.

Through its raw and often surreal scenes, the documentary provides insight into the complex aftermath of the 1965-1966 purge. It serves as a powerful testament to cinema's ability to confront difficult subjects and spark important conversations.

2) Borneo: Island in the Clouds

"Borneo: Island in the Clouds" is a captivating documentary released in 2001. It showcases the natural wonders of Borneo, the world's third-largest island.

The film explores Borneo's vast biodiversity, spanning an area of approximately 287,000 square miles. Viewers are taken on a journey through dense rainforests and towering mountains.

This documentary highlights the unique ecosystems found on the island. It features a wide array of plant and animal species, many of which are endemic to Borneo.

The filmmakers capture stunning footage of Borneo's diverse landscapes. From misty cloud forests to winding rivers, the island's natural beauty is on full display.

"Island in the Clouds" also touches on the challenges facing Borneo's environment. It addresses issues such as deforestation and habitat loss, which threaten the island's rich biodiversity.

The documentary serves as an educational tool, raising awareness about the importance of conservation efforts in Borneo. It encourages viewers to appreciate and protect this ecological treasure.

3) Balibo

Balibo is a powerful Australian film released in 2009 that sheds light on a dark chapter of Indonesian history. The movie focuses on the true story of five Australian-based journalists known as the Balibo Five.

These reporters were killed in East Timor in 1975 while covering Indonesia's invasion of the region. The film depicts their efforts to document and expose the military incursion.

Director Robert Connolly crafted a tense political thriller based on Jill Jolliffe's book "Cover-Up". While taking some creative liberties, the film remains faithful to the core events and their significance.

Balibo stars Anthony LaPaglia as veteran journalist Roger East, who investigates the fate of the five younger reporters. The movie recreates the dangerous atmosphere of East Timor during that tumultuous period.

Though technically a dramatization rather than a documentary, Balibo provides valuable insight into this controversial episode. It sparked renewed interest in the case and debates about press freedom in conflict zones.

4) The Look of Silence

"The Look of Silence" is a powerful documentary that explores the aftermath of Indonesia's 1965-66 genocide. Directed by Joshua Oppenheimer, the film serves as a companion piece to his earlier work, "The Act of Killing."

The documentary follows Adi, an Indonesian optometrist, as he confronts the men responsible for his brother's murder during the genocide. Through intimate conversations and eye examinations, Adi seeks answers and accountability from perpetrators who still hold positions of power.

Oppenheimer's approach in "The Look of Silence" differs from its predecessor. While "The Act of Killing" focused on the perpetrators, this film gives voice to the survivors and victims' families.

The documentary faced censorship in Indonesia, with public screenings banned by the government. Despite this, it has been shown clandestinely within the country, sparking important discussions about historical truth and reconciliation.

"The Look of Silence" received critical acclaim and numerous awards, including an Oscar nomination for Best Documentary Feature. It continues to be regarded as a significant work in addressing Indonesia's dark past and its ongoing impact on society.

5) Jalanan

"Jalanan" is a captivating documentary that offers a unique glimpse into the lives of Jakarta's street musicians. Directed by Daniel Ziv, the film follows three talented buskers as they navigate the bustling capital of Indonesia.

The documentary focuses on Bambang "Ho" Mulyono, Titi Juwariyah, and Boni Putera. These musicians perform on Jakarta's commuter buses, showcasing their skills and earning a living through their art.

"Jalanan" provides an intimate look at the challenges faced by these street performers. It explores their personal struggles, aspirations, and the complex socio-political landscape of modern Indonesia.

The film gained significant recognition, winning awards at international festivals. It received the Best Documentary prize at the Busan International Film Festival in 2013, solidifying its place in Asian cinema history.

"Jalanan" stands out as one of the first Indonesian documentaries to enjoy a substantial cinema run. Its success paved the way for greater visibility of Indonesian documentary filmmaking on the global stage.

6) Solo, Solitude

Solo, Solitude is a compelling documentary that focuses on the life of Wiji Thukul, an Indonesian poet known for his critical stance against the Suharto regime. The film chronicles Thukul's experiences during a tumultuous period in Indonesia's history.

Set against the backdrop of the 1996 riots in Jakarta, the documentary explores how Thukul's provocative poems became rallying cries for protesters. As a result, he was targeted by the government and forced to flee his home in Solo.

The film follows Thukul's journey into exile, depicting his eight-month stay in the remote village of Pontianak. It offers a poignant portrayal of a dissident artist separated from his family and living in constant fear of capture.

Solo, Solitude provides valuable insights into Indonesia's political climate during the late Suharto era. It sheds light on the risks faced by activists and artists who dared to challenge the regime.

Through its intimate portrayal of Thukul's story, the documentary highlights the power of words in times of political oppression. It serves as a testament to the enduring impact of art and literature in shaping social movements.

7) Indonesia: Rags to Riches

"Indonesia: Rags to Riches" is a compelling documentary that explores the nation's economic transformation. It showcases Indonesia's journey from a developing country to one of Southeast Asia's largest economies.

The film highlights key industries that have driven Indonesia's growth, including agriculture, manufacturing, and natural resources. It features interviews with local entrepreneurs who have built successful businesses from humble beginnings.

Viewers gain insight into the challenges faced by Indonesia during its development, such as infrastructure limitations and income inequality. The documentary also examines government policies that have contributed to economic expansion.

The filmmakers travel across the archipelago, capturing diverse stories of economic progress. From bustling Jakarta to rural villages, the documentary presents a balanced view of Indonesia's development.

"Indonesia: Rags to Riches" offers an informative look at the country's economic evolution. It provides valuable context for understanding Indonesia's current position in the global marketplace.

8) The Land Beneath the Fog

"The Land Beneath the Fog" is a documentary that offers a glimpse into the lives of farmers in Genikan, a village on the slopes of Mount Merbabu in Central Java, Indonesia. Directed by Shalahuddin Siregar, the film captures the community's struggle with changing weather patterns.

The documentary showcases the villagers' reliance on traditional Javanese calendars to predict seasonal changes for farming. As climate shifts become more unpredictable, the community faces challenges in maintaining their agricultural practices.

Through intimate cinematography, the film explores family relationships and the strong connection between the villagers and their ancestral land. It portrays quiet moments of resilience as the community grapples with transformations beyond their control.

"The Land Beneath the Fog" has garnered international recognition, winning awards at film festivals. It received the Special Jury Prize at the 2011 Dubai International Film Festival in the Muhr Asia/Africa Documentary category.

The documentary provides a poignant reflection on tradition, change, and the enduring ties that bind people to their roots. It offers viewers a unique perspective on a rural Indonesian community adapting to environmental shifts while striving to preserve their way of life.

9) Bitter Honey

Bitter Honey is a compelling documentary that offers a rare glimpse into the lives of three polygamous families in Bali, Indonesia. Directed by anthropologist Robert Lemelson, the film was released in 2014 after seven years of intimate filming with the subjects.

The documentary explores the complexities of polygamous relationships in Balinese culture. It follows the wives from their introduction to this lifestyle through their emotional struggles and attempts to gain empowerment.

Lemelson's film sheds light on a typically hidden aspect of Indonesian society. Polygamy is legal in Indonesia, with about 10% of registered marriages in Bali being polygamous.

The 81-minute feature presents an emotionally charged portrait of these families. It reveals the hardships and jealousies experienced by the wives, as well as their fight for equal rights within their marriages.

Bitter Honey provides viewers with an honest, in-depth look at a controversial practice. It offers insights into Balinese culture while addressing broader themes of power dynamics and women's rights in polygamous relationships.

Indonesia's Rich Documentary History

Indonesian documentaries offer a window into the nation's diverse cultures, landscapes, and social issues. Filmmakers have captured the archipelago's essence through compelling visual storytelling.

Evolution of Indonesian Filmmaking

Documentary filmmaking in Indonesia traces back to the Dutch colonial era. Early works focused on showcasing the exotic landscapes and cultures of the archipelago. After independence in 1945, documentaries shifted towards nation-building narratives.

The 1960s and 1970s saw a rise in state-sponsored films promoting development and national unity. The fall of Suharto's regime in 1998 ushered in a new era of freedom in filmmaking. This period sparked a surge in independent documentaries tackling previously taboo subjects.

Recent years have seen Indonesian documentaries gaining international recognition. Films like "The Act of Killing" (2012) and "The Look of Silence" (2014) have brought global attention to Indonesia's complex history.

Significant Themes and Narratives

Indonesian documentaries often explore the nation's rich cultural heritage. Films showcase traditional arts, religions, and customs across the archipelago's many islands. Environmental issues feature prominently, with works highlighting Indonesia's unique biodiversity and conservation challenges.

Social and political themes are increasingly common. Filmmakers tackle topics like human rights, corruption, and the impact of rapid urbanization. Historical documentaries revisit key moments in Indonesia's past, offering new perspectives on national identity.

Many films focus on individual stories, providing intimate portraits of Indonesian life. These personal narratives often reflect broader societal changes and challenges facing the nation.

Cultural Insights Through Film

Documentaries offer a window into Indonesia's rich cultural tapestry. These films capture the essence of traditions, rituals, and daily life across the archipelago, providing viewers with a deeper understanding of Indonesian society.

Portrayal of Indonesian Traditions

Documentaries showcase Indonesia's diverse cultural practices. Films like "Java: Feast of the Gods" highlight Javanese spiritual ceremonies and ancient rituals. These visual narratives capture the intricate details of traditional dress, dance, and music.

Indonesian documentaries often focus on unique customs specific to different regions. For example, some films explore Balinese religious ceremonies or the traditional lifestyles of Papuan tribes.

Many documentaries emphasize the importance of community in Indonesian culture. They depict communal activities such as harvest festivals, wedding celebrations, and religious observances.

Impact on Cultural Awareness

Documentaries play a crucial role in preserving and promoting Indonesian cultural heritage. They serve as educational tools, introducing viewers to lesser-known aspects of Indonesian life and traditions.

These films often challenge stereotypes and present a more nuanced view of Indonesian society. By showcasing the diversity within the country, documentaries help combat oversimplified perceptions of Indonesian culture.

International audiences gain valuable insights into Indonesian customs through these films. Documentaries can foster cross-cultural understanding and appreciation, potentially boosting tourism and cultural exchange.

For Indonesians themselves, these documentaries can reinforce cultural identity and pride. They serve as a visual record of traditions that might otherwise be lost to modernization.